LONG-TERM NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS INDUCED BY SARS-COV-2. ASPECTS OF PREVENTION, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
https://doi.org/10.51922/1818-426X.2025.1.19
Abstract
Advances in science are leading to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the functioning of the human body. Until May 2023, betacoronavirus B, SARS-CoV-2, was a global public health emergency. Evidence suggests that many patients with COVID-19 suffer from multiple symptoms that persist beyond the acute event for several years. This phenomenon is called post-COVID syndrome (PCS) or long COVID. This article provides some clinically important scientific data on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of neurological disorders caused by SARS-CoV-2 in the post-COVID period. It demonstrates the importance of a thorough history of the disease development with a search for a possible connection between current symptoms and the “common” ARI that preceded them. The importance of an integrated approach to the diagnosis and treatment of symptoms of long COVID is shown.
About the Authors
A. V. Boika
Институт повышения квалификации и переподготовки кадров здравоохранения УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»
Belarus
Belarus
M. M. Sialitski
Институт повышения квалификации и переподготовки кадров здравоохранения УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»
Belarus
Belarus
E. V. Vist
Институт повышения квалификации и переподготовки кадров здравоохранения УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»
Belarus
Belarus
References
1. Arkhipova-Jenkins, I. Antibody response after SARSCoV-2 infection and implications for immunity: a rapid living review / I. Arkhipova-Jenkins, M. Helfand, C. Armstrong, E. Gean, J. Anderson, R. A. Paynter [et al.] // Ann Intern Med. – 2021. – Vol. 174. – P. 811–21. doi: 10.7326/m20-7547.
2. Huang, L. Huang L., Yao Q., Gu X., Wang Q., Ren L., Wang Y., Hu P., Guo L., Liu M., Xu J., et al. 1-year outcomes in hospital survivors with COVID-19: A longitudinal cohort study. Lancet. Lancet. – 2021. – Vol. 398. – P. 747–758. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01755-4.
3. Wu, X., Liu X., Zhou Y., Yu H., Li R., Zhan Q., Ni F., Fang S., Lu Y., Ding X. et al. 3-month, 6-month, 9-month, and 12-month respiratory outcomes in patients following COVID-19-related hospitalization: A prospective study // Lancet Respir. Med. – 2021. – № 9. – P. 747–754. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(21)00174-0.
4. Fernández-de-Las-Peñas, C., Torres-Macho J., Macasaet R., Velasco J. V., Ver A. T., Culasino Carandang T. H. D., Guerrero J. J., Franco-Moreno A., Chung W., Notarte K. I. Presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in COVID-19 survivors with post-COVID symptoms: a systematic review of the literature // Clin Chem Lab Med. – 2024. – Vol. 62(6). – P. 1044–1052. doi: 10.1515/cclm-2024-0036.
5. Mantovani, A., Concetta Morrone M., Patrono C., Santoro M. G., Schiaffino S., Remuzzi G. et al. Long Covid: where we stand and challenges ahead // Cell Death Differ. – 2022. – № 29. – Р. 1891–900. doi: 10.1038/S41418-022-01052-6.
6. Pretorius, E., Vlok M., Venter C., Bezuidenhout J. A., Laubscher G. J., Steenkamp J. et al.. Persistent clotting protein pathology in Long COVID/Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) is accompanied by increased levels of antiplasmin // Cardiovasc Diabetol. – 2021. – Vol. 20. doi: 10.1186/S12933-021-01359-7.
7. Ryan, F. J., Hope C. M., Masavuli M. G., Lynn M. A., Mekonnen Z. A., Yeow A. E. et al. Long-term perturbation of the peripheral immune system months after SARS-CoV-2 infection // BMC Med. – 2022. – Vol. 20. – P. 26. doi: 10.1186/s12916-021-02228-6 [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
8. Cervia-Hasler, Carlo et al. “Persistent complement dysregulation with signs of thromboinflammation in active Long Covid” // Science (New York, N. Y.). – 2024. – Vol. 383. – P. 6680: doi:10.1126/science.adg7942.
9. Watanabe, A., Iwagami M., Yasuhara J., Takagi H., Kuno T. Protective effect of COVID-19 vaccination against long COVID syndrome: A systematic review and metaanalysis // Vaccine. – 2023. – Vol. 41(11). – P. 1783–1790. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.02.008. Epub 2023 Feb 8.
10. Bertuccio, P., Degli Antoni M., Minisci D., Amadasi S., Castelli F., Odone A., Quiros-Roldan E. The impact of early therapies for COVID-19 on death, hospitalization and persisting symptoms: a retrospective study // Infection. – 2023. – Vol. 51(6). – P. 1633–1644. doi: 10.1007/s15010-023-02028-5. Epub 2023 Apr 6. PMID: 37024626; PMCID: PMC10079146.
11. Yoon, H., Li Y., Goldfeld K. S., Cobb G. F., SturmReganato C. L., Ostrosky-Zeichner L., Jayaweera D. T., Philley J. V., Desruisseaux M. S., Keller M. J., Hochman J. S., Pirofski L. A., Ortigoza M. B. CONTAIN-Extend Study Group. COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma Therapy: Long-term Implications // Open Forum Infect Dis. – 2023. – № 11(1). – P. 686. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofad686.
12. Kemp, S. A., Collier D. A., Datir R. P., Ferreira T. M., Gayed S., Jahun A., Hosmillo M., Rees-Spear C., Mlcochova P., Lumb I. U., Roberts D. J., Chandra A., Temperton N. CITIID-NIHR BioResource COVID-19 Collaboration; COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK) Consortium; Sharrocks K., Blane E., Modis Y., Leigh K. E., Briggs J. A. G., van Gils M. J., Smith K. G. C., Bradley J. R., Smith C., Doffinger R., CeronGutierrez L., Barcenas-Morales G., Pollock D. D., Goldstein R. A., Smielewska A., Skittrall J. P., Gouliouris T., Goodfellow I. G., Gkrania-Klotsas E., Illingworth C. J. R., McCoy L. E., Gupta R. K. SARS-CoV-2 evolution during treatment of chronic infection // Nature. – 2021. – Vol. 592(7853). – P. 277–282. doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-03291-y. Epub 2021 Feb 5. Erratum in: Nature. – 2022. – Vol. 608(7922). – P. E23. doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-05104-2.
13. Feng, S., Reid G. E., Clark N. M., Harrington A., Uprichard S. L., Baker S. C. Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 convergent evolution in immunosuppressed patients treated with antiviral therapies // Virol J. – 2024. – № 21(1). – P. 105. doi: 10.1186/s12985-024-02378-y. PMID: 38715113; PMCID: PMC11075269.
14. Takács, J., Deák D., Koller A. Higher level of physical activity reduces mental and neurological symptoms during and two years after COVID-19 infection in young women // Sci Rep. – 2024. – № 14(1). – P. 6927. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-57646-2.
15. Anastassopoulou, C., Hatziantoniou S., Boufidou F., Patrinos G. P., Tsakris A. The Role of Oral Antivirals for COVID-19 Treatment in Shaping the Pandemic Landscape // J. Pers. Med. – 2022. – № 12. – P. 439. doi: 10.3390/jpm12030439.
16. Gheorghita, R., Soldanescu I., Lobiuc A., Caliman Sturdza O. A., Filip R. Constantinescu-Bercu A., Dimian M., Mangul S. and Covasa M. The knowns and unknowns of long COVID-19: from mechanisms to therapeutical approaches // Front. Immunol. – 2024. – № 15. – P. 1344086. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1344086.
17. Zubchenko, S., Kril I., Nadizhko O., Matsyura O., Chopyak V. Herpesvirus infections and post-COVID-19 manifestations: a pilot observational study // Rheumatol Int. – 2022. – Vol. 42. – P. 1523–30. doi: 10.1007/s00296-022-05146-9.
18. Lim, S. H., Ju H. J., Han J. H., Lee J. H., Lee W. S., Bae J. M., Lee S. Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Connective Tissue Disorders Following COVID-19 // JAMA Netw Open. – 2023. – № 6(10). – Р. e2336120. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.36120.
19. Yong, S. J., Liu S. Proposed subtypes of postCOVID-19 syndrome (or long-COVID) and their respective potential therapies // Rev Med Virol. – 2022. – № 32(4). – Р. e2315. doi: 10.1002/rmv.2315.
20. Wang, Y., Su B., Alcalde-Herraiz M., Barclay N. L., Tian Y., Li C., Wareham N. J., Paredes R., Xie J., PrietoAlhambra D. Modifiable lifestyle factors and the risk of post-COVID-19 multisystem sequelae, hospitalization, and death // Nat Commun. – 2024. – № 15(1). – Р. 6363. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-50495-7.
Review
For citations:
Boika A.V., Sialitski M.M., Vist E.V. LONG-TERM NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS INDUCED BY SARS-COV-2. ASPECTS OF PREVENTION, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT. Medical Journal. 2025;(1):19-25. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.51922/1818-426X.2025.1.19
Views:
8
Email this article 