Analysis of the factors associated with unfavorable functional outcome of visual acuity recovery in the patients with penetrating ocular injuries with a retained intraocular foreign body

Introduction. The problem of penetrating ocular injuries with a retained intraocular foreign body is socially important; the assessment of the prognosis of the visual outcome in patients remains relevant.

Materials and Methods. The objects of the study were 122 patients (119 men, 3 women) with a penetrating ocular injuries with the presence of an intraocular foreign body, who were treated in the microsurgery department № 2 of the 10-th city clinical hospital for a 10-year period. A set of methods was used, including a basic ophthalmological examination and additional instrumental methods. Two groups of patients were distinguished – with favorable (final best corrected visual acuity ≥0,3) and unfavorable (<0,3) outcomes.

Results. The general group of the patients was characterized by the predominance of people of young working-age (34.0 [26.0; 47.0] years). The percentage of unfavorable visual outcome was 40.16 %. Retinal detachment (p = 0,012), vitreous hemorrhage (p = 0,041), inflammatory complications, incl. endophthalmitis (p = 0,001), intraocular foreign body volume (U = 984,0, p < 0,0001) were significantly associated with poor outcome of penetrating injury. The intraocular foreign body volume associated with poor visual outcome was determined to be more than 4,5 mm³.

Conclusion. Establishing of the factors associated with an unfavorable outcome will make it possible to develop effective predictive models for identifying risk groups at an early stage and improve the tactics of treating patients with a penetrating ocular injuries with a retained intraocular foreign body.

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