A case of newly diagnosed granulomatosis with polyangiitis in an adolescent with ent-pathology

Abstract

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis is generally a rare disease although prevalence data are varying. In children this disease occurs at a rate of 1 per 2 million. There are no definite statistics about this pathology in Belarus. The clinical picture of granulomatosis with polyangiitis is characterized by a triad: involvement of ENT-organs, lungs and kidneys. Affection of the upper respiratory tract in adults occurs in 87–94 % of cases. According to various data, in children upper respiratory tract involvement at the beginning of the disease occurs in 35–90 %. Diagnosis of granulomatosis with polyangiitis is difficult. Only 50 % of patients are diagnosed within the first 3–6 months of onset, and 7 % are not diagnosed even within 5–16 years of the first clinical symptoms because there is no “gold standard" for diagnosis. The article presents its own clinical observation of a rare case of granulomatosis with polyangiitis in an adolescent who complained of prolonged nasal congestion, nasal bleeding, unpleasant (purulent) smell from the nose when breathing, prolonged subfebrile fever in the evening, headaches, increased blood pressure, night sweats, increased lymph nodes, weight loss. As a result of the search for the rigid course of ENT-pathology and concomitant syndromes this patient was diagnosed with granulomatosis with polyangiitis.