Reflection of the progress of innovative technologies in history of anesthesia and resuscitation through analysis of special terminology

The professional terminology of any field of human activity is an expression of its status in a certain period of development. Historical and etymological analysis of specialized reference literature allows to trace the emergence of new terms and, consequently, the improvement of the relevant field. The article provides a review of the historical way of formation of the most important medical disciplines – anesthesiology and resuscitation. The study found that since ancient times people have tried to use anesthesia during surgical operations, and also tried to revive a person. However, the scientific growth of the specialty “anesthesia” began only in the mid-19th century, and the term “anesthesiology” has been used as “teaching about anesthesia” since the 1920s. Resuscitation techniques began to develop rapidly two decades later. Around this time (1932) the term “resuscitation” appears in dictionaries. The development of resuscitation as a science is associated with the work of V. A. Negovskiy, who introduced the term “resuscitation” in 1961. The discovery of more advanced anesthetics and auxiliary drugs (barbiturates, neuroleptics, muscle relaxants, etc.) at the turn of the 20th–21st centuries contributed to the creation of new effective methods of local anesthesia, narcosis and resuscitation, which is confirmed by the appearance of their names in specialized literature. Some medicines (nitrous oxide, chloroform, morphine, etc.) have been recorded in dictionaries from ancient times to the present day. Obviously, terminology helps to identify the progress of a particular field of science.

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