Revision of traumatic wounds and extraction of foreign bodies from them using author's instruments

Abstract

Traumatic injuries with the presence of a wound channel and a foreign body are severe injuries, often leading to significant damage to organs and tissues. Timely wound revision in these situations, in combination with foreign body eradication, directly determines good results in further wound healing. The presence of fragments and foreign bodies in the wound canal necessitates their extraction with minimal tissue trauma due to the close location of vascular and neural structures, which means an increased risk of iatrogenic damage, while the known surgical instruments do not allow   this to be achieved duly. Aim. Development of instruments applicable for the revision of wounds with a foreign body in the wound channel, as well as with its subsequent extraction, used in various types of access and various anatomical areas. Materials and methods. Using the method of digital modeling, prototypes of instruments were designed and subsequently manufactured. Experimental testing of the developed tools has been carried out. The material for the study was cadaveric material provided by the Department of Normal Anatomy of the Belarusian State Medical University. Results. The instrument for revision of traumatic wounds of the maxillofacial region and extraction of foreign bodies from them and the surgical hook for revision of traumatic wounds have been developed. Both devices are convenient in operation, while the harpoon-like shape of the working part of the instruments allows you to successfully extract a foreign body from the wound channel with minimal deformation during manipulation, reduce the penetration force, which reduces the trauma of the instrument passing through the tissues, which ensures the integrity of nearby structures and fast wound healing. Conclusion. The developed instruments are effective in the revision of traumatic wounds and the extraction of bone fragments and foreign bodies from them.