Dynamics of the clinical and functional state of the patients in the post-covid period

Abstract

At the end of 2019, the world faced a serious problem – an outbreak in China of a new coronavirus infection caused by SARS-CoV-2.

Aim. To study the dynamics of the clinical and functional state of patients, the state of humoral immunity after coronavirus infection at different time intervals.

Materials and methods. The study included 153 patients hospitalized in the 10th City Clinical Hospital in Minsk with a confirmed diagnosis of coronavirus infection in the period from 12/01/2021 to 12/31/2021. Depending on the severity of the disease, patients were divided into 3 groups: severe (n = 54), moderate (n = 51), mild (n = 48). All patients underwent standard laboratory and instrumental studies. After discharge, the patients were under dynamic observation. After 3, 6 and 9 months, the clinical and functional state was assessed, the content of IgG to SARS-CoV-2 was determined.

Results. In the group with a severe course of COVID-19, subfebrile body temperature persisted (11.1 % of patients), saturation of 94–90 % (5.6 % of patients), an increase in blood pressure by 9 months after the disease, while in groups with a moderate and mild course of the disease, the indicators normalized by the 6th month. The most pronounced humoral immune response was observed 3 months after the disease in the group of patients with a severe course (IgG to SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 88.9 %) compared with a moderate course (72.5 %) and mild (37.5 %). An increase in ferritin levels >330 μg/l may indicate the persistence of the humoral immune response beyond 36 weeks.

Conclusion. Subfebrile body temperature, low saturation, and a statistically significant increase in blood pressure by 9 months after the illness persisted in patients who underwent severe COVID-19. At the same time, these patients showed the most pronounced immune response to SARS-CoV-2.