ZINC AND ITS ROLE IN THE FUNCTIONING OF THE HUMAN BODY IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES

According to the World Health Organization, about 70–85 % of all cases of infectious diseases in the world are acute respiratory viral infections. The widespread of acute respiratory infections, including the influenza virus and COVID-19, requires the search for new methods of prevention and treatment. At the same time, there is significant economic damage due to the high level of morbidity and temporary disability. Infectious diseases most often arise as a result of inadequate functioning of the immune system. It is well known that deficiency of certain microelements, including zinc, is one of the widespread causes of dysfunction of the immune system. Zinc is needed for the normal functioning of the thymus, the main organ of the immune system that produces T-lymphocytes necessary for the destruction of microorganisms and viruses. Consequently, with zinc deficiency, immune defense is weakened.

The purpose of the review article is to analyze the role of Zn in various infectious diseases and the possibility of using dietary supplements containing this microelement to improve the functioning of the immune system and prevent infectious diseases. By analyzing literature data, it was established that the use of Zn plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases through the immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiviral properties of this microelement.

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