THE ROLE OF SOCIAL AND HYGIENE RISK FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCALY SPINAL DEFORMITIES IN PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN

Prevention of incorrect posture in modern conditions requires an integrated approach. The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence and significance of socio-hygienic risk factors for the formation of scoliotic spinal deformity in organized children. The study involved 618 children aged 6–11 years studying in schools in Minsk, among which an analysis was made of the prevalence of ontogenetic and behavioral factors, factors of the educational environment and lifestyle, disorders of organs and body systems that affect the formation of incorrect posture among children of organized groups. To determine the significant factors analyzed, two study groups were formed: the main group (196 children with scoliosis) and the comparison group (422 children without scoliosis).

Among the studied risk factors, the most common are: the number of children in the family is more than two, the presence of chronic pathology in the mother before pregnancy, infectious history of (colds) disease, onset of teething earlier than 8 months and later than 12 months and permanent teeth earlier than 6 and later than 7 years, irrational work position or lack of control over it, insufficient frequency and duration of summer country rest, deficiency of daily physical activity, lack of outdoor exposure, irregular use of vitamin-mineral complexes, irrational organization of a sleeping place, the presence of violations of the eye and its accessory apparatus. The most important in the formation of scoliotic spinal deformity are: psycho-emotional stress, fatigue, material problems in the family, chronic fatigue in the child, irrational height of the bedside, frequent headaches, chronic diseases in the mother before pregnancy, chronic diseases in the father before the birth of the child, hereditary diseases in the history of parents, rickets in the child history. For all significant risk factors, their informativity and prognostic coefficients were calculated, on the basis of which a prognostic table for determining the likelihood of scoliosis formation was formed and a method for medical prevention of scoliosis in organized children was developed. Management decisions at the individual and collective levels among organized children aimed at preventing of scoliosis, preserving and strengthening the health of schoolchildren are justified.

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