Modern trends in surgical treatment of sinonasal pathologies

Abstract

Endoscopic rhinosinus surgery is a modern, minimally invasive technique. The primary focus is on the practical advantages of this method, which directly impact treatment outcomes and patient quality of life. It has been demonstrated that ERCS, as a minimally invasive technique, minimizes surgical trauma, leading to rapid recovery and reduced downtime. The use of endoscopic technology provides the surgeon with excellent visualization, increasing the radicality and safety of the intervention. The study also highlights the comprehensive positive impact of ERCS on the healthcare system, resulting in a reduced complication rate and resource savings due to shorter hospital stays. The study results confirm that ERCS represents not only technical progress but also a significant advance in the quality of medical care.

Research Objective. To evaluate the proportion and trends of endoscopic surgeries in rhinosinus surgery at the hospital, comparing them to open interventions during two periods: 2017–2019 and 2023–2024 (pre- and post-COVID).

Materials and Methods. A retrospective analysis of medical records (patient histories, surgical logs) was conducted for the specified periods. The 2020–2022 period was excluded due to pandemic restrictions that distorted statistics. The study focused on surgeries on the maxillary, ethmoid, and sphenoid sinuses. Frontal sinus surgeries were not studied due to the technical inability to perform them endoscopically.

Conclusion. A clear annual upward trend in endoscopic surgeries is observed, driven by shorter hospitalization periods, reduced costs, improved visualization, and effectiveness in training medical personnel.