Comparative evaluation of hybrid, cement and screw fixation methods of orthopedic structures supported by dental implants in patients with partial secondary adentia

Abstract

Purpose – to perform a comparative analysis of the clinical and cost-effectiveness of hybrid, cement and screw fixation of dental prostheses to dental implants in orthopedic treatment of patients with partial secondary adentia.

Methods. There were examined 103 patients with adentia who were in the department of orthopedic dentistry of the 2nd city clinical hospital in Minsk in 2019–2024, which were stratified into 3 groups: the main one, in which the hybrid method of fixing dental implants was used (n = 35, average age 40.8 ± 4.7 g); reference group 1 using cement fixation method (n = 35, 41.3 ± 4.5 g); comparison group 2 using screw fixation of dental implants (n = 33, 42.6 ± 5.2 g); healthy group (n = 30, 39.8 ± 5.0 g). Clinical follow-up was performed with index score, Hounsfield bone density, peri-implant tissue microcirculation status and orthopedic construct stability in patients before and at 1, 6, 12, and 18 months after treatment.

Results. Hybrid orthopedic treatment resulted in good treatment outcomes in 97.1 % of patients, which compared with the results in comparison groups 1 and 2 consisted of a 1.1-fold increase in periimplant bone density (p = 0.000) and 1.2 times, respectively (p = 0.000), attenuation of inflammatory events, improvement of microcirculation by 1.3 times (p = 0.028) and 1.2 times (p = 0.025), respectively, in maintaining the stability of the cement-screw connection throughout the entire period of clinical observation.

Conclusion. A hybrid method of dental implantation with partial secondary adentia was developed, experimentally substantiated and introduced into clinical practice, the cost-effectiveness of which exceeded it by 26.0 % with traditional methods of orthopedic treatment with cement and screw fixation.