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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1818-426X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51922/1818-426X.2026.2.99</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medjournal-430</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ НАУЧНЫЕ ПУБЛИКАЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы риска развития длительного течения COVID-19 у детей и подростков</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk factors for the development of long-term COVID-19 in children and adolescents</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шалькевич</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shalkevich</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костеневич</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostenevich</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт повышения квалификации и переподготовки кадров здравоохранения УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Advanced Training and Retraining of Healthcare Personnel of the Educational Institution «Belarusian State Medical University»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>99</fpage><lpage>106</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шалькевич Л.В., Костеневич М.М., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шалькевич Л.В., Костеневич М.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shalkevich L.V., Kostenevich M.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medjournal.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/430">https://medjournal.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/430</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Выявить и проанализировать факторы, влияющие на развитие длительного течения COVID у детей и подростков.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследование выполнено в период 2023–2025 гг. ретроспективно методом случайного отбора на основании данных медицинской документации 278 детей и подростков в возрасте 8–17 лет, госпитализированных в 2022 г. в учреждение здравоохранения «Городская детская инфекционная клиническая больница г. Минска» с диагнозом «коронавирусная инфекция». Изучалось влияние различных факторов на развитие постковидного синдрома у детей и подростков в контексте демографических характеристик (пол и возраст), длительности госпитализации, сопутствующих хронических соматических заболеваний и симптомов, имевшихся в остром периоде коронавирусной инфекции.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено развитие постковидного синдрома у 18,7 % детей после перенесенной острой инфекции COVID, что несколько ниже имеющихся международных данных. Данные результаты могут быть связаны как с особенностями генотипа вируса, доминировавшего на территории Республики Беларусь, так и с особенностями индивидуальной иммунной реактивности детской популяции страны. Преобладающим проявлением постковидных расстройств был астенический синдром, который встречался в рамках постковидных нарушений в 100 % случаев. В 86,7 % он носил умеренную степень выраженности, у 13,3 % состояние оценивалось как реакция утомления, выраженная астения не была диагностирована, а наиболее частой неврологической жалобой были головные боли (100 % детей с постковидным синдромом). Достоверными факторами риска развития постковидного синдрома у детей и подростков являются гипертермия в остром периоде болезни (90,4 % случаев, р &lt; 0,05), наличие в анамнезе болезни органов дыхания (J00-J99) (аллергический и вазомоторный ринит, астма, хронические болезни нижних дыхательных путей) (25 % случаев, р &lt; 0,05). Не оказывали достоверного влияния на развитие постковидного синдрома возраст и пол пациента, длительность госпитализации в остром периоде, наличие в анамнезе болезней органов системы кровообращения, врожденных пороков развития и малых аномалий развития сердца, болезней кожи и подкожной клетчатки, болезней органов пищеварения, болезней эндокринной системы, расстройств питания и нарушения обмена. Болезни нервной системы (G00-G99) (мигрень с аурой, хроническая головная боль напряжения, расстройства вегетативной нервной системы) в анамнезе у детей, включенных в исследование встречались очень редко и не оказывали отягощающего влияния на течение восстановительного периода COVID 19. Патология острого периода: наличие кашля, боли в горле, насморка, затрудненного дыхания; слабость, головокружения, потеря сознания; снижение аппетита, диарея, боли в животе, рвота также не влияли на развитие у детей постковидного синдрома.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Полученные данные и меют значение в разработке стратегии наблюдения за детьми из группы риска по развитию длительного течения постковидного синдрома с целью минимизации возможных последствий и возможности назначения ранней медицинской реабилитации.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To identify and analyze the factors influencing the development of the longterm course of COVID in children and adolescents.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study was performed in the period 2023–2025 retrospectively by random selection based on medical records of 278 children and adolescents aged 8–17 years who were hospitalized in 2022 at the «Minsk City Children's Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital» with a diagnosis of coronavirus infection. The influence of various factors on the development of postcovid syndrome in children and adolescents was studied in the context of demographic characteristics (gender and age), duration of hospitalization, concomitant chronic somatic diseases and symptoms present during the acute period of coronavirus infection.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The development of postcovid syndrome was found in 18.7 % of children after acute COVID infection, which is slightly lower than the available international data. These results may be related both to the peculiarities of the genotype of the virus that dominated the territory of the Republic of Belarus, and to the peculiarities of the individual immune reactivity of the country's child population. The predominant manifestation of postcovid disorders was asthenic syndrome, which occurred in the framework of postcovid disorders in 100 % of cases. In 86.7 %, it was moderate in severity, and the most common neurological complaint was headaches (100 % of children with postcovoid syndrome). Significant risk factors for developing postcovid syndrome in children and adolescents are hyperthermia in the acute period of the disease (90.4 % of cases, p &lt; 0.05), respiratory diseases (25 % of cases, p &lt; 0.05). The age and gender of the patient, the duration of hospitalization in the acute period, diseases of the circulatory system, congenital malformations and minor abnormalities of the heart, skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases, digestive diseases, diseases of the endocrine system, eating disorders and metabolic disorders have no significant effect on the development of postcovoid syndrome. Diseases of the nervous system (headaches, disorders of the autonomic nervous system) in the anamnesis of children included in the study were very rare and did not have an aggravating effect on the course of the COVID-19 recovery period. Pathology of the acute period: the cough, sore throat, runny nose, difficulty breathing; weakness, dizziness, loss of consciousness; decreased appetite, diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting also did not affect the development of postcovoid syndrome in children.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The data obtained are important in developing a strategy for monitoring children at risk for the development of long-term postcovoid syndrome in order to minimize possible consequences and the possibility of prescribing early medical rehabilitation.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети и подростки</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>постковидный синдром</kwd><kwd>сопутствующие хронические заболевания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children and adolescents</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>concurrent comorbidities</kwd><kwd>postcovoid complications</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Long COVID: major findings, mechanisms and recommendations / H. E. Davis [et al.] // Nat. 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