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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1818-426X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51922/1818-426X.2026.2.60</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medjournal-426</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ НАУЧНЫЕ ПУБЛИКАЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности клинических и лабораторных показателей у женщин с угрозой выкидыша и отягощенным репродуктивным анамнезом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical and laboratory features in women with threatened miscarriage and a burdened reproductive history</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грудницкая</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grudnitskaya</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>60</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Грудницкая Е.Н., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Грудницкая Е.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Grudnitskaya E.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medjournal.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/426">https://medjournal.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/426</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: определить клинические и лабораторные различия у женщин с угрожающим абортом и историей самопроизвольного аборта для выявления наиболее значимых факторов, ассоциированных с развитием привычного выкидыша.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В когортном проспективном исследовании приняли участие 242 женщины с угрозой выкидыша, которые были разделены на две группы в зависимости от репродуктивного анамнеза. Группу «экспонированную» составили 97 женщин с самопроизвольным абортом (СА) в анамнезе, в «неэкспонированную» группу вошли 145 пациентов без истории СА. Оценивали жалобы пациента, анамнез, данные общего медицинского и гинекологического осмотров, результаты лабораторных исследований, полученные в день госпитализации в стационар. Статистическая обработка итоговых данных выполнялась на персональном компьютере с операционной системой Windows 8.1 с использованием Microsoft Excel и пакета статистических программ Statistica 10. Нулевая гипотеза об отсутствии статистически значимых различий отвергалась при p &lt; 0,05.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Клинико-демографические и клинико-анамнестические показатели пациентов сравниваемых групп статистически значимо не различались (р &gt; 0,05). В тоже время, у женщин с историей СА, вероятность обнаружения гипотиреоза была вдвое больше по сравнению с теми, у кого не было СА в прошлом (ОШ 2,0; 95 % ДИ 0,9–4,3; р = 0,073), тем не менее обнаруженная разница оказалась статистически не значимой. В обеих группах преобладали женщины со второй А(II) группой крови: в «экспонированной» 43,3 % (24/97), в «неэкспонированной» 43,5 % (63/145), (р = 0,981; χ 2 = 0,00). У трех четвертей пациентов обеих групп статус резус-фактора оказался положительным: в «экспонированной» группе 74,2 % (72/97), в неэкспонированной – 77,9 % (113/145), (р = 0,505; χ 2 = 0,44). Снижение уровня ферритина ниже 30 мкг/л и удлинение протромбинового времени более 12,5 сек оказалось значимым фактором для всех пациенток с угрожающим абортом (УА). Показатели общего клинического анализа мочи статистически значимо не различались между группами, бактериурия была обнаружена у 14,4 % (14/97) пациентов экспонированной группы и 18,6 %(27/145) неэкспонированной группы (р = 0,394; χ 2 = 0,72). Анализ данных микроскопического исследования урогенитальных выделений не выявил статистически значимых различий между группами (р &gt; 0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. С угрозой выкидыша ассоциированы такие факторы как снижение уровня ферритина и увеличение протромбинового времени. Вероятность выявления гипотиреоза у женщин с отягощенным репродуктивным анамнезом по выкидышам в два раза выше, чем у женщин без СА в прошлом. При подготовке к беременности женщин, столкнувшимся в прошлом с СА, следует уделить внимание на уровень ферритина и функцию щитовидной железы, что будет способствовать снижению частоты случаев УА, медицинской профилактике повторных СА и, следовательно, привычному невынашиванию беременности.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To determine clinical and laboratory differences in women with threatened abortion and a history of spontaneous abortion in order to identify the most significant factors associated with the development of recurrent miscarriage.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. This prospective cohort study included 242 women with threatened miscarriage, divided into two groups based on their reproductive history. The «exposed» group consisted of 97 women with a history of spontaneous abortion and a history of recurrent miscarriage, while the «unexposed» group included 145 patients without a history of recurrent miscarriage. Patient complaints, medical history, general medical and gynecological examination data, and laboratory test results obtained on the day of hospitalization were assessed. Statistical processing of the final data was performed on a personal computer with the Windows 8.1 operating system using Microsoft Excel and the Statistica 10 statistical software package. The null hypothesis of the absence of statistically significant differences was rejected at p &lt; 0.05.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Clinical, demographic, and clinical anamnestic parameters of patients in the compared groups did not differ significantly (p &gt; 0.05). However, women with a history of AS were twice as likely to be diagnosed with hypothyroidism compared to those without a history of AS (OR 2.0; 95 % CI 0.9–4.3; p = 0.073); however, the difference was not statistically significant. In both groups, women with the second A(II) blood group predominated: 43.3 % (24/97) in the «exposed» group, 43.5 % (63/145) in the «unexposed» group (p = 0.981; χ 2 = 0.00). Three quarters of patients in both groups had a positive Rh factor status: 74.2 % (72/97) in the «exposed» group, 77.9 % (113/145) in the unexposed group (p = 0.505; χ 2 = 0.44). A decrease in the ferritin level below 30 μg/l and an increase in prothrombin time to more than 12.5 sec turned out to be a significant factor for all patients with threatened abortion (UA). Urinalysis results did not differ significantly between the groups; bacteriuria was detected in 14.4 % (14/97) of patients in the exposed group and 18.6 % (27/145) in the unexposed group (p = 0.394; χ 2 = 0.72). Analysis of microscopic examination data from urogenital secretions did not reveal statistically significant differences between the groups (p &gt; 0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Factors such as decreased ferritin levels and increased prothrombin time are associated with the risk of miscarriage. The likelihood of hypothyroidism in women with a history of miscarriage is twice as high as in women without a history of AS. When preparing for pregnancy, women who have experienced AS in the past should pay attention to ferritin levels and thyroid function, which will help reduce the incidence of UA, medical prevention of recurrent AS and, consequently, habitual miscarriage.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>угрожающий аборт</kwd><kwd>самопроизвольный аборт</kwd><kwd>привычный выкидыш</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>threatened abortion</kwd><kwd>spontaneous abortion</kwd><kwd>habitual miscarriage</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено в рамках Государственной программы научных исследований Республики Беларусь «Трансляционная медицина», задание № 3.47 «Разработать метод медицинской профилактики самопроизвольного аборта и преждевременных родов у беременных с дисплазией соединительной ткани», № гос. регистрации 20220318, сроки выполнения работ 01.01.2022–3 1.12.2024 гг.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists' Committee on Practice Bulletins-Gynecology. 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