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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1818-426X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51922/1818-426X.2026.2.53</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medjournal-425</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ НАУЧНЫЕ ПУБЛИКАЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эндокринные особенности клинического ожирения у женщин с бесплодием</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Endocrine aspects of infertility in polycystic ovary syndrome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голубова</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Holubava</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканский научно-практический центр «Мать и Дитя»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Scientific and Practical Center «Mother and Child»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>59</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Голубова Д.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Голубова Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Holubava D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medjournal.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/425">https://medjournal.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/425</self-uri><abstract><p>В исследовании проанализированы клинические, гормональные и метаболические особенности женщин с бесплодием и синдромом поликистозных яичников (СПКЯ) в зависимости от индекса массы тела (ИМТ) и отношения талия/рост (ОТР). Средний возраст женщин составил 29 лет и не различался статистически между группами, тогда как показатели массы тела, ИМТ и ОТР достоверно различались. У женщин с повышенным ИМТ и клиническим ожирением (ИМТ ≥ 25 и ОТР ≥ 0,5) менархе наступало раньше, а менструальные циклы характеризовались олигоменореей, что отражает влияние ожирения на гипоталамо-гипофизарно-яичниковую ось. Частота первичного бесплодия и самопроизвольных выкидышей не различалась статистически между группами. Исследование эндокринного статуса пациенток показало снижение уровня ГСПГ, повышение ЛГ, свободного тестостерона и эстрадиола, что указывает на усиление периферической ароматизации андрогенов и гиперандрогении на фоне метаболических нарушений. У пациенток с ожирением также наблюдалась тенденция к снижению АМГ, что может отражать влияние инсулинорезистентности на овариальный резерв. Патология эндометрия, включающая железистые полипы и признаки хронического неспецифического эндометрита, встречались чаще в подгруппах с ожирением. Уровень лептина был выше у женщин с клиническим ожирением, что подтверждает наличие лептинорезистентности, негативно влияющей на качество ооцитов, имплантацию и исходы вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий. Полученные данные подтверждают, что метаболические факторы, включая ожирение и лептинорезистентность, играют ключевую роль в патогенезе репродуктивных нарушений при СПКЯ и ассоциируются с гормональными нарушениями и повышенным риском развития патологии эндометрия.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study analyzed the clinical, hormonal, and metabolic characteristics of women with infertility and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) depending on body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). The mean age of participants was 29 years and did not differ significantly between groups, whereas body weight, BMI, and WHtR showed significant differences. In women with elevated BMI and clinical obesity (BMI ≥ 25 and WHtR ≥ 0.5), menarche occurred earlier, and menstrual cycles were characterized by oligomenorrhea, reflecting the impact of obesity on the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. The frequency of primary infertility and spontaneous miscarriages did not differ significantly between groups. Endocrine evaluation revealed decreased SHBG levels and increased LH, free testosterone, and estradiol, indicating enhanced peripheral androgen aromatization and hyperandrogenism against the background of metabolic disturbances. Women with obesity also showed a trend toward lower AMH levels, suggesting the influence of insulin resistance on ovarian reserve. Endometrial changes, including glandular polyps and signs of chronic endometritis, were more common in subgroups with obesity. Leptin levels were elevated in women with clinical obesity, confirming the presence of leptin resistance, which negatively affects oocyte quality, implantation, and outcomes of assisted reproductive technologies. These findings indicate that metabolic factors, including obesity and leptin resistance, play a key role in the pathogenesis of reproductive dysfunction in PCOS and are associated with hormonal disturbances and an increased risk of endometrial pathology.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>синдром поликистозных яичников (СПКЯ)</kwd><kwd>бесплодие</kwd><kwd>клиническое ожирение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)</kwd><kwd>infertility</kwd><kwd>clinical obesity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Després, J. P., Lemieux I. Abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome J. P. Després, I. 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