medjournalМедицинский журналMedical Journal1818-426XБелорусский государственный медицинский университет10.51922/1818-426X.2025.4.66medjournal-369Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ НАУЧНЫЕ ПУБЛИКАЦИИORIGINAL SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONSИнтерлейкин-15 в крови беременных женщин в зависимости от клинического течения COVID-19 в разные сроки беременностиINTERLEUKIN-15 IN THE BLOOD OF PREGNANT WOMEN DEPENDING ON THE CLINICAL COURSE OF COVID-19 AT DIFFERENT TIMES OF PREGNANCYЗновецТ. В.ZnovetsT. V.БарановскаяЕ. И.BaranovskayaE. I.ЛетковскаяТ. А.LetkovskayaT. A.АбдулА. К.AbdulA. K.СаевичН. И.SaevichN. I.ХодосовскаяЕ. В.KhodosovskayaE. V.УЗ «3-я городская клиническая больница им. Е. В. Клумова»; УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»Healthcare Institution “3rd City Clinical Hospital named after E. V. Klumova”; Educational Institution “Belarusian State Medical University”УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»Educational Institution “Belarusian State Medical University”УЗ «3-я городская клиническая больница им. Е. В. Клумова»Healthcare Institution “3rd City Clinical Hospital named after E. V. Klumova”202525122025046672Copyright © Зновец Т.В., Барановская Е.И., Летковская Т.А., Абдул А.К., Саевич Н.И., Ходосовская Е.В., 20252025Зновец Т.В., Барановская Е.И., Летковская Т.А., Абдул А.К., Саевич Н.И., Ходосовская Е.В.Znovets T.V., Baranovskaya E.I., Letkovskaya T.A., Abdul A.K., Saevich N.I., Khodosovskaya E.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://medjournal.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/369

Цель исследования: оценить связь концентрации в крови интерлейкина-15 (IL-15) с коагуляционными и биохимическими показателями у женщин с COVID-19 в разные сроки беременности и в зависимости от клинического течения COVID-19.Материалы и методы. В исследование включено 60 беременных женщин с COVID-19, разделенных в зависимости от сроков беременности при инфицировании SARS-CoV-2 на подгруппы: 14 женщин в I триместре, 17 – во II триместре и 29 – в III триместре. Группу сравнения составили 20 беременных женщин без клинико-лабораторных признаков острых респираторных вирусных инфекций. Концентрацию IL-15 определяли в сыворотке крови методом иммуноферментного анализа. Для статистической обработки данных применяли программу Statistica 10.0 (StatSoft, США). Статистически значимым уровнем ошибки считали p < 0,05.Результаты. Основными клиническими проявлениями COVID-19 у беременных женщин являются катарально-респираторный синдром (93,3 ± 3,23 % случаев), интоксикационный синдром (86,7 ± 4,38 % случаев) и неврологические проявления (66,7 ± 6,08 % случаев). Беременные женщины с COVID-19 в сравнении с беременными женщинами без клинико-лабораторных признаков острых респираторных вирусных инфекций имели более высокие показатели в крови IL-15 (p = 0,003). COVID-19 характеризуется снижением уровня IL-15 в крови в III триместре гестации в сравнении с I и II триместрами (p = 0,001; p = 0,013). IL-15 в крови SARS-CoV-2-инфицированных беременных женщин имел прямую корреляционную связь с протромбиновым временем (p = 0,017), тромбиновым временем (p = 0,027) и международным нормализованным отношением (p = 0,039), обратную связь – с уровнем лимфоцитов в крови (p = 0,009), фибриногена (p = 0,005), сывороточного железа (p = 0,012) и прямого билирубина (p = 0,008 при легкой форме COVID-19). Факторами, ассоциированными с IL-15 в крови беременных женщин с COVID-19, являются нарушение обоняния и вкуса (p = 0,043), кашель (p = 0,014) и рвота (p = 0,005).Заключение. Оценена связь концентрации в крови IL-15 с коагуляционными и биохимическими показателями у женщин с COVID-19 в разные сроки беременности и в зависимости от клинического течения COVID-19.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between the concentration of interleukin-15 (IL-15) in the blood and coagulation and biochemical parameters in women with COVID-19 at different times of pregnancy and depending on the clinical course of COVID-19.Materials and methods. The study included 60 pregnant women with COVID-19: 14 women in the first trimester, 17 in the second trimester and 29 in the third trimester. The comparison group consisted of 20 pregnant women without clinical and laboratory signs of acute respiratory viral infections. The concentration of IL-15 in the blood serum was determined by enzyme immunoassay. Statistica 10.0 (StatSoft, USA) was used for statistical data processing. The statistically significant error level was considered to be p < 0.05.Results. The main clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in pregnant women are catarrhal respiratory syndrome (93.3 ± 3.23 % of cases), intoxication syndrome (86.7 ± 4.38 % of cases) and neurological manifestations (66.7 ± 6.08 % of cases). Pregnant women with COVID-19 had higher blood levels of IL-15 (p = 0.003). COVID-19 is characterized by a decrease in the level of IL-15 in the blood in the third trimester of gestation compared to the first and second trimesters (p = 0.001; p = 0.013). IL-15 in the blood of SARS-CoV-2-infected pregnant women had a direct correlation with prothrombin time (p = 0.017), thrombin time (p = 0.027) and international normalized ratio (p = 0.039), and an inverse correlation with the level of lymphocytes in the blood (p = 0.009), fibrinogen (p = 0.005), serum iron (p = 0.012) and direct bilirubin (p = 0.008 in mild COVID-19). Factors associated with IL-15 in the blood of pregnant women with COVID-19 are impaired sense of smell and taste (p = 0.043), cough (p = 0.014) and vomiting (p = 0.005).Conclusion. The relationship of IL-15 concentration in the blood with coagulation and biochemical parameters in women with COVID-19 at different stages of pregnancy and depending on the clinical course of COVID-19 was evaluated.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.