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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1818-426X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51922/1818-426X.2022.2.33</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medjournal-28</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ювенильный идиопатический артрит и системная красная волчанка в детском возрасте: частота, причины, классификация, клинические проявления</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Juvenile idiopathic arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus in childhood: frequency, causes, classification and clinical manifestation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Строгая</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Strogaya</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сукало</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sukalo</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>33</fpage><lpage>40</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Строгая Н.В., Сукало А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Строгая Н.В., Сукало А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Strogaya N.V., Sukalo A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medjournal.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/28">https://medjournal.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/28</self-uri><abstract><p>Ювенильный идиопатический артрит (ЮИА) – одно из частых и самых инвалидизирующих ревматических заболеваний у детей. Системная красная волчанка (СКВ) – системное аутоиммунное заболевание с неизвестной этиологией, в основе которой лежит генетически обусловленное нарушение регуляции иммунитета. В последние годы взгляд на ЮИА и СКВ как на потенциально неизлечимые и прогностически неблагоприятные заболевания пересматривается. Это во многом связано с расширением возможностей ранней диагностики ЮИА, СКВ, что позволяет начинать активную терапию в дебюте болезни, разработкой нового класса базисных противовоспалительных препаратов и научными исследованиями в области генетики обоих заболеваний. Большое количество генов, ассоциированных с иммунными реакциями, могут в различной степени вызывать аутоиммунный ответ – ведущее патогенетическое звено обоих заболеваний. В статье представлены современные данные о возможном патогенезе, спектре клинических проявлений ювенильного идиопатического артрита (ЮИА) и системной красной волчанки (СКВ) у детей. Дана краткая характеристика патологоанатомических изменений при ЮИА и СКВ. Рассматриваются возможные факторы, в т. ч. генетические, влияющие на предрасположенность к заболеванию, процесс формирования поражения органов. Подробно освещены вопросы оценки активности заболеваний, оценки качества жизни пациентов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is one of the most common and most disabling rheumatic diseases in children. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease with unknown etiology, which is based on a genetically determined dysregulation of immunity. In recent years, the view of JIA and SLE as potentially incurable and prognostically unfavorable diseases has been revised. This is largely due to the expansion of the possibilities of early diagnosis of JIA, SLE, which allows starting active therapy at the onset of the disease, the development of a new class of basic anti-inflammatory drugs, and scientific research in the genetics of both diseases. A large number of genes associated with immune responses can, induce an autoimmune response – the leading pathogenetic link in both diseases. The article presents modern data on the possible pathogenesis, spectrum of clinical manifestations of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in children. A brief description of the pathological changes in JIA and SLE is given. Possible factors are considered, incl. genetic, affecting the predisposition to the disease, the process of the formation of organ damage. The issues of assessing the activity of diseases, assessing the quality of life of patients are discussed in detail.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ревматология</kwd><kwd>ювенильный идиопатический артрит</kwd><kwd>системная красная волчанка</kwd><kwd>патогенез</kwd><kwd>HLA</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rheumatology</kwd><kwd>juvenile idiopathic arthritis</kwd><kwd>systemic lupus erythematosus</kwd><kwd>pathogenesis</kwd><kwd>HLA</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Самсыгина, Г. А., Щербакова М. Ю. Кардиология и ревматология детского возраста. – М.: ИД Медпрактика-М, 2004. – 744 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Samsygina, G. A., Shcherbakova M. Yu. 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