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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1818-426X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51922/1818-426X.2024.1.13</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medjournal-155</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ПЕРВИЧНОЙ ПРОФИЛАКТИКИ БОЛЕЗНИ ПАРКИНСОНА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PROSPECTS FOR PRIMARY PREVENTION OF PARKINSON’S DISEAS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бойко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boika</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Институт повышения квалификации и переподготовки кадров в здравоохранении учреждения образования «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>13</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бойко А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бойко А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Boika A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medjournal.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/155">https://medjournal.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/155</self-uri><abstract><p>Заболеваемость болезнью Паркинсона в настоящее время опережает темпы старения и непропорционально растет в новых индустриальных районах земного шара. Научные данные свидетельствуют, что воздействие токсикантов окружающей среды во время развития нервной системы, будь то внутриутробно, перинатально или в детстве, может оказывать значительное влияние на риск развития болезни Паркинсона в будущем. Чаще мы имеем комбинацию факторов/триггеров, которые длятся десятилетиями, таких как пестициды, органические растворители, металлы и загрязнение воздуха. Взаимосвязь между воздействием и заболеванием является вариабельной, что означает, что взаимодействия генов-окружающая среда и окружающая среда-среда, а также другие динамики воздействия вносят свой вклад в фенотип заболевания. Поскольку все фенотипы болезней являются результатом наших генов (внутренние факторы) и окружающей среды (внешние факторы), не вызывает сомнений, что взаимодействие генов и окружающей среды является причиной большинства случаев идиопатической болезни Паркинсона. Раскрытие ключевых моментов нашего понимания экологического риска, связанного с болезнью Паркинсона в человеческой популяции, требует экспериментальных работ. Требуется сотрудничество междисциплинарных групп и новых технологий в сочетании с базовыми токсикологическими принципами. При наличии как лабораторной, так и аналитической поддержки, включение в проекты исследования биомаркеров, транскриптомики или метаболомики, а также взаимодействия генов и окружающей среды было бы идеальным механизмом для исследований БП, как в доклинической, так и в клинической областях. Понимание вклада окружающей среды в БП имеет решающее значение, поскольку оно потенциально может помочь в каком-то проценте случаев предотвратить развитие и/или прогрессирование этого пока еще неизлечимого заболевания.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The incidence of Parkinson's disease currently outpaces the rate of aging and is growing disproportionately in newly industrialized areas of the globe. Scientific evidence suggests that exposure to environmental toxicants during neurodevelopment, whether in utero, perinatal or childhood, may have a significant impact on the risk of developing Parkinson's disease in the future. More often we have a combination of factors/triggers that last for decades, such as pesticides, organic solvents, metals and air pollution. The relationship between exposure and disease is variable, meaning that gene-environment and environment-environment interactions and other exposure dynamics contribute to the disease phenotype. Since all disease phenotypes are the result of our genes (intrinsic factors) and environment (extrinsic factors), there is no doubt that gene-environment interactions account for most cases of idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Unraveling key aspects of our understanding of the environmental risk associated with Parkinson's disease in the human population requires experimental work. Collaboration between interdisciplinary teams and new technologies combined with basic toxicological principles is required. With both laboratory and analytical support, incorporating biomarkers, transcriptomics or metabolomics, and geneenvironment interactions into research projects would be an ideal mechanism for PD research, both in the preclinical and clinical areas. Understanding the contribution of the environment to PD is critical as it could potentially help prevent the development and/or progression of this as yet incurable disease in some percentage of cases.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>болезнь Паркинсона</kwd><kwd>первичная профилактика</kwd><kwd>факторы окружающей среды</kwd><kwd>нейродегенерация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Parkinson’s disease</kwd><kwd>primary prevention</kwd><kwd>environmental factors</kwd><kwd>neurodegeneration</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hemming, J. P., Gruber-Baldini A. L., Anderson K. E., Fishman P. S., Reich S. G., Weiner W. J., Shulman L. M. Racial and socioeconomic disparities in parkinsonism // Arch Neurol. – 2011. – Vol. 68. – P. 498–503.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hemming, J. P., Gruber-Baldini A. L., Anderson K. 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