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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1818-426X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51922/1818-426X.2023.3.12</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medjournal-131</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль бактериологического и бактериоскопического исследования мочи в диагностике инфекций мочевых путей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of bacteriological and bacterioscopic examination of urine in the diagnosis urinary tract infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаврусев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gavrusev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рагузин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Raguzin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>18</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гаврусев А.А., Рагузин А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гаврусев А.А., Рагузин А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gavrusev A.A., Raguzin A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medjournal.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/131">https://medjournal.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/131</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлены результаты сравнительных исследований мочи пациентов с пиелонефритом и пациентов без признаков инфекций мочевыводящих путей (ИМП). Проведен анализ результатов бактериоскопического и бактериологического исследования мочи 69 пациента с пиелонефритом и 27 – без ИМП. Выявлена высокая частота отрицательных результатов бактериологического посева при пиелонефрите (59,4 %), а также распространенность отрицательных посевов при наличии бактериурии, выявленной микроскопически в осадке мочи (37,5 %). У пациентов без пиелонефрита бактериологическое исследование показало рост бактерий в 66,7 % случаев, что указывает на распространенность бессимптомной бактериурии (ББ) у урологических пациентов. Проанализированы данные литературы по проблемам диагностики и возможным причинам ложноотрицательных результатов бактериологических исследований при ИМП. Одной из причин этого являются недостатки и ограничения стандартного бактериологического посева. Актуальным является необходимость внедрения в клиническую практику новых расширенных методов бактериологических исследований.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents the results of comparative urine studies of patients with pyelonephritis and patients without signs of UTI. The results of bacterioscopic and bacteriological examination of urine of 69 patients with pyelonephritis and 27 without UTI were analyzed. A high prevalence of negative urine culture in pyelonephritis (59.4 %) was revealed, as well as the prevalence of negative culture in the presence of bacteriuria detected microscopically in urine sediment (37.5 %). In patients without pyelonephritis, a bacteriological study showed bacterial growth in 66.7 % of cases, which indicates the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in urological patients. Literature data on diagnostic problems and possible causes of false negative results of bacteriological examination in UTI are analyzed. One of the reasons for these results are the disadvantages and limitations of standard bacteriological culture. The need to introduce new advanced methods of bacteriological research into clinical practice is urgent.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инфекция мочевых путей</kwd><kwd>пиелонефрит</kwd><kwd>бактериологический посев мочи</kwd><kwd>микроскопическое исследование мочи</kwd><kwd>бактериурия</kwd><kwd>стерильная пиурия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>urinary tract infection</kwd><kwd>pyelonephritis</kwd><kwd>urine culture</kwd><kwd>urine microscopy</kwd><kwd>bacteriuria</kwd><kwd>sterile pyuria</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oxford Handbook of Urology. 4th Edition // Oxford University Press. – 2019. – 896 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oxford Handbook of Urology. 4th Edition // Oxford University Press. – 2019. – 896 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Инфекции мочевыводящих путей (часть 1). 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